You can use system tools to monitor Windows and Linux systems.
Identifying system bottlenecks on Windows
You can view the Performance and Processes tab in the Task Manager for system information. The Performance tab in the Task Manager provides an overview of CPU usage and total memory used.
Use the Performance Monitor to view more detailed information. The following table describes the system information that you can use in the Windows Performance Monitor to create a chart:
Property
Description
Percent processor time
If you have more than one CPU, monitor each CPU for percent processor time.
Pages/second
If pages/second is greater than five, you may have excessive memory pressure known as thrashing.
Physical disks percent time
The percent of time that the physical disk is busy performing read or write requests.
Physical disks queue length
The number of users waiting for access to the same disk device.
Server total bytes per second
The server has sent to and received from the network.
Identifying system bottlenecks on Linux
Linux provides several tools that you can use to identify system bottlenecks.
You can use the following commands:
•top. View overall system performance. This tool displays CPU usage, memory usage, and swap usage for the system and for individual processes running on the system.
•iostat. Monitor the loading operation for every disk attached to the database server. Iostat displays the percentage of time that the disk is physically active. If you use disk arrays, use utilities provided with the disk arrays instead of iostat.
•vmstat. Monitor disk swapping actions.
•sar. View detailed system activity reports of CPU, memory, and disk usage. You can use this tool to monitor CPU loading. It provides percent usage on user, system, idle time, and waiting time. You can also use this tool to monitor disk swapping actions.